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Compare Virgin Islands (2001) - Niue (2005)
Compare Virgin Islands (2001) z Niue (2005)
| Virgin Islands (2001) | Niue (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three islands at the second order; Saint Croix, Saint John, Saint Thomas | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
27.27% (male 17,121; female 16,204) 15-64 years: 63.92% (male 35,391; female 42,727) 65 years and over: 8.81% (male 4,638; female 6,130) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
| Agriculture - products | fruit, vegetables, sorghum; Senepol cattle | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle |
| Airports | 2
note: international airports on Saint Thomas and Saint Croix (2000 est.) |
1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total:
352 sq km land: 349 sq km water: 3 sq km |
total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | twice the size of Washington, DC | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | During the 17th century, the archipelago was divided into two territorial units, one English and the other Danish. Sugarcane, produced by slave labor, drove the islands' economy during the 18th and early 19th centuries. In 1917, the US purchased the Danish portion, which had been in economic decline since the abolition of slavery in 1848. | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,150 in 2005), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. |
| Birth rate | 15.9 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues:
$364.4 million expenditures: $364.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1990 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA |
| Capital | Charlotte Amalie | Alofi |
| Climate | subtropical, tempered by easterly trade winds, relatively low humidity, little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season May to November | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds |
| Coastline | 188 km | 64 km |
| Constitution | Revised Organic Act of 22 July 1954 | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) |
| Country name | conventional long form:
United States Virgin Islands conventional short form: Virgin Islands former: Danish West Indies |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island |
| Currency | US dollar (USD) | - |
| Death rate | 5.47 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $NA | $418,000 (2002 est.) |
| Dependency status | organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between the Virgin Islands and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of the US) | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of the US) | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) |
| Economy - overview | Tourism is the primary economic activity, accounting for more than 70% of GDP and 70% of employment. The islands normally host 2 million visitors a year. The manufacturing sector consists of petroleum refining, textiles, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and watch assembly. The agricultural sector is small, with most food being imported. International business and financial services are a small but growing component of the economy. One of the world's largest petroleum refineries is at Saint Croix. The islands are subject to substantial damage from storms. The government is working to improve fiscal discipline, support construction projects in the private sector, expand tourist facilities, and protect the environment. | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although former Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. Niue suffered a devastating hurricane in January 2004, which decimated nascent economic programs. While in the process of rebuilding, Niue has been dependent on foreign aid. |
| Electricity - consumption | 948.6 million kWh (1999) | 2.79 million kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - production | 1.02 billion kWh (1999) | 3 million kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Crown Mountain 474 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
| Environment - current issues | lack of natural freshwater resources | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | black 80%, white 15%, other 5%
note: West Indian (45% born in the Virgin Islands and 29% born elsewhere in the West Indies) 74%, US mainland 13%, Puerto Rican 5%, other 8% |
Niuen 78.2%, Pacific islander 10.2%, European 4.5%, mixed 3.9%, Asian 0.2%, unspecified 3% (2001 census) |
| Exchange rates | the US dollar is used | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001), 2.2012 (2000) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (Since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Dr. Charles Wesley TURNBULL (since 5 January 1999) and Lieutenant Governor Gererd LUZ James II (since 5 January 1999) cabinet: NA elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 3 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2002) election results: Dr. Charles Wesley TURNBULL elected governor; percent of vote - Dr. Charles W. TURNBULL (Democrat) 58.9%, former Governor Roy L. SCHNEIDER (ICM) 41.1% |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 12 May 2005 (next to be held May 2008) election results: Young VIVIAN reelected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 85%, O'Love JACOBSEN (independent) 15% |
| Exports | $NA | NA |
| Exports - commodities | refined petroleum products | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | US, Puerto Rico | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000) |
| Fiscal year | 1 October - 30 September | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | white, with a modified US coat of arms in the center between the large blue initials V and I; the coat of arms shows a yellow eagle holding an olive branch in one talon and three arrows in the other with a superimposed shield of vertical red and white stripes below a blue panel | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $1.8 billion (2000 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: 55% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $15,000 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | -0.3% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 18 20 N, 64 50 W | 19 02 S, 169 52 W |
| Geography - note | important location along the Anegada Passage - a key shipping lane for the Panama Canal; Saint Thomas has one of the best natural, deepwater harbors in the Caribbean | one of world's largest coral islands |
| Highways | total:
856 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2000) |
total: 234 km
paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $NA | NA |
| Imports - commodities | crude oil, foodstuffs, consumer goods, building materials | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs |
| Imports - partners | US, Puerto Rico | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000) |
| Independence | - | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Industries | tourism, petroleum refining, watch assembly, rum distilling, construction, pharmaceuticals, textiles, electronics | tourism, handicrafts, food processing |
| Infant mortality rate | 9.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 1% (1995) |
| International organization participation | ECLAC (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC | ACP, FAO, PIF, Sparteca, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 50 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA |
| Judicial branch | US District Court of the Virgin Islands (under Third Circuit jurisdiction); Territorial Court (judges appointed by the governor for 10-year terms) | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue |
| Labor force | 47,443 (1990 est.) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 1%, industry 20%, services 79% (1990 est.) | most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
15% permanent crops: 6% permanent pastures: 26% forests and woodland: 6% other: 47% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 15.38%
permanent crops: 11.54% other: 73.08% (2001) |
| Languages | English (official), Spanish, Creole | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English |
| Legal system | based on US laws | English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Senate (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)
elections: last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2002) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Democratic Party 6, ICM 2, independents 7 note: the Virgin Islands elects one non-voting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2002); results - Donna M. CHRISTIAN-CHRISTENSON (Democrat) elected |
unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 30 April 2005 (next to be held April 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
78.27 years male: 74.38 years female: 82.39 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | definition:
NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | - |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the US | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force |
| National holiday | Transfer Day (from Denmark to the US), 27 March (1917) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun:
Virgin Islander(s) adjective: Virgin Islander |
noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
| Natural hazards | several hurricanes in recent years; frequent and severe droughts and floods; occasional earthquakes | typhoons |
| Natural resources | sun, sand, sea, surf | fish, arable land |
| Net migration rate | 0.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Political parties and leaders | Democratic Party [Arturo WATLINGTON]; Independent Citizens' Movement or ICM [Usie RICHON]; Republican Party [Gary SCROUVE] | Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 122,211 (July 2001 est.) | 2,166 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA |
| Population growth rate | 1.06% (2001 est.) | 0% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Charlotte Amalie, Christiansted, Cruz Bay, Port Alucroix | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 5, FM 11, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 107,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Baptist 42%, Roman Catholic 34%, Episcopalian 17%, other 7% | Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 61.1%, Latter-Day Saints 8.8%, Roman Catholic 7.2%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2.4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, other 8.4%, unspecified 8.7%, none 1.9% (2001 census) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.83 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.88 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal; note - indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: modern, uses fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relay international: submarine cable and satellite communications; satellite earth stations - NA |
domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: country code - 683 |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 62,000 (1997) | 1,100 est (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 2,000 (1992) | 400 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | mostly hilly to rugged and mountainous with little level land | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 2.25 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA |
| Unemployment rate | 4.9% (March 1999) | NA |
| Waterways | none | - |
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